Sodium PCA, also known as sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, is a naturally occurring humectant found in human skin and is part of the natural moisturizing factor (NMF). It is highly water-absorbent, holding several times its weight in water, which makes it a popular ingredient in moisturizing skincare formulations [2].
The production of Sodium PCA typically involves either the cyclization of L-glutamic acid derived from vegetable sources, such as sugar beets or cornstarch, or chemical synthesis from petrochemicals. The glutamic acid is subjected to a process that causes it to form a cyclic lactam, which is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide to yield Sodium PCA [3]. The synthesized product is purified to meet cosmetic grade standards.
Sodium PCA functions primarily as a humectant, attracting moisture from the air to hydrate the skin. It also plays a role in maintaining the skin's barrier function and overall appearance [4]. By binding moisture to the skin cells, Sodium PCA helps keep the skin hydrated, supple, and elastic. It is non-irritating and is often preferred in formulations designed for sensitive skin [5].
Sodium PCA is widely used in various cosmetic and personal care products, including lotions, creams, serums, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. Its hydrating properties make it particularly beneficial in products aimed at dry or dehydrated skin. It is also found in hair care products, where it helps to retain moisture and improve hair texture [6].
Sodium PCA is generally packaged in plastic drums or containers, depending on the quantity. Transportation should adhere to standard practices for non-hazardous liquid chemicals, ensuring containers are tightly sealed and protected from extreme temperatures and direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.
Citations:
[1] Draelos, Z. D. (2018). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
[2] Lodén, M., & Wessman, W. (2001). The influence of a cream containing 20% urea and 4% NMF on the skin barrier in healthy volunteers. Skin Research and Technology, 7(4), 212-216.
[3] Smith, W. C. (1967). Process for preparing pyrrolidone carboxylic acid salts. U.S. Patent No. 3,344,130.
[4] Proksch, E., Brandner, J. M., & Jensen, J. M. (2008). The skin: an indispensable barrier. Experimental Dermatology, 17(12), 1063-1072.
[5] Becker, L. C., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., et al. (2016). Safety Assessment of Sodium PCA and PCA. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(5_suppl), 5S-22S.
[6] Gavazzoni Dias, M. F. R. (2015). Hair cosmetics: an overview. International Journal of Trichology, 7(1), 2–15.
I adore working with cosmetic ingredients! From emulsifiers to plant-based materials, I help make sure you get the highest quality products. Let’s work together to bring your cosmetic line to life with great, eco-friendly ingredients. 💄🌸
