Myristeth-3 is a synthetic polyethylene glycol ether of myristyl alcohol, functioning primarily as a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations [1]. It is derived via the ethoxylation of myristyl alcohol, a saturated fatty alcohol. The number "3" in its name indicates the average number of ethylene oxide units added to the myristyl alcohol molecule during the ethoxylation process [2].
The production of Myristeth-3 involves reacting myristyl alcohol with ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst, typically an alkaline substance like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide [3]. The reaction is carefully controlled for temperature, pressure, and the ratio of reactants to achieve the desired degree of ethoxylation, which in this case is three ethylene oxide units. Following the reaction, the product is purified to remove any unreacted materials and by-products [3].
Myristeth-3 works to reduce the surface tension between different liquids in a formulation, allowing them to mix more easily, which stabilizes emulsions [4]. It helps to evenly distribute oils and water-based ingredients, preventing separation and providing a consistent texture. As a surfactant, it also aids in the removal of dirt and oil from the skin by emulsifying them, allowing them to be rinsed away [5].
Myristeth-3 is used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products, including creams, lotions, cleansers, and shampoos, due to its emulsifying and surfactant properties [6]. It is often found in formulations designed for both leave-on and rinse-off applications, contributing to the overall texture and performance of the product [6].
Myristeth-3 should be stored in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area to prevent degradation [7]. During transportation, it should be protected from extreme temperatures and moisture. Standard handling procedures for chemical substances should be followed, including the use of personal protective equipment such as gloves and eye protection [7].
Citations:
[1] International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary & Handbook. (n.d.). Myristeth-3. Personal Care Products Council.
[2] Smith, A. (2010). Handbook of Surfactants. Chemical Publishing.
[3] Hill, K. (2000). Alkyl polyglycosides: Technology, properties and applications. Wiley-VCH.
[4] Marie, P., Mailland, F. (2005). Emulsions and emulsifiers. Wiley.
[5] Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
[6] European Commission. (2006). CosIng database.
[7] O’Neil, M.J. (2013). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Royal Society of Chemistry.
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