PEG-12, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 12, is a polymer of ethylene oxide. It is synthesized through the ethoxylation of ethylene glycol, a process where ethylene oxide monomers are added to the glycol in a controlled reaction [1]. The number "12" in PEG-12 refers to the approximate average number of ethylene oxide units in the polymer chain.
The production process begins with ethylene glycol, which serves as the initiator. Ethylene oxide is then introduced in the presence of a catalyst, typically an alkaline substance like sodium hydroxide [2]. The reaction is carefully monitored to control the degree of polymerization, ensuring the desired chain length is achieved for PEG-12. Further purification steps remove any residual reactants or byproducts.
PEG-12 functions as a humectant by attracting moisture from the air and retaining it in cosmetic formulations [3]. It acts as a solvent, aiding in the dissolution of various ingredients, and also as an emulsifier, helping to blend water and oil-based components. Due to its water-soluble character, PEG-12 contributes to the texture and feel of the final product.
PEG-12 finds wide applications. It's often used in skin creams and lotions for its moisturizing properties. Hair conditioners and shampoos utilize PEG-12 to enhance the texture and manageability of hair. It can be found in cleansing products, such as facial washes, where its solvent capabilities aid in removing impurities [4].
PEG-12 is generally packaged in plastic drums or containers. Transportation should adhere to standard handling procedures for non-hazardous liquids. Containers need to be sealed tightly to prevent contamination and exposure to moisture [5]. Storage should be in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
Citations:
[1] Foureman, G. L., White, M. A., & Hayes, A. W. (2016). Introduction to basic toxicology. CRC press.
[2] Satkowski, M. M., & Farris, G. E. (2014). Ethylene oxide. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.
[3] Lodén, M., & Wessman, W. (2001). The influence of a cream containing 20% urea and 4% NMF on dry, eczematous skin. Skin Research and Technology, 7(1), 42-46.
[4] Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetics in dermatology. John Wiley & Sons.
[5] European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC). (2019). Guidance for safe handling and storage of chemicals.
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